Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), a persistent chemical raising concerns about reproductive health, has been detected in UK rivers.
Researchers from York University analyzed samples from 32 rivers across all four UK nations, finding TFA in 98% of locations.
TFA is a “forever chemical” (PFAS), meaning it degrades slowly and accumulates in the environment.
While the precise health risks and concentration thresholds are still under investigation, German scientists, based on animal studies, advocate for its classification as reproductively toxic.
TFA is a byproduct of the partial breakdown of synthetic chemicals found in pesticides and refrigerants.
Professor Alistair Boxall of York University highlights the pervasive nature of TFA, stating, “We will all be exposed throughout our lifetime. It’s that long-term, low level exposure that is the big concern.”
This study, funded by Fidra, sampled rivers in Wales, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and northern England. The highest concentration was in Glasgow’s River Kelvin; only the River Ness showed no detectable TFA.
EU studies indicate widespread TFA presence in food, human blood, and breast milk.
Germany, observing a fourfold increase in TFA levels in drinking water over two decades, is actively investigating its potential health impacts.
Citing studies showing TFA’s effects on animal fetuses, the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) has applied to ECHA for TFA classification as reproductively toxic and environmentally harmful.
Andreas Hensel of the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) states, “Currently, there are no expected adverse health effects…The new classification is an important step in preparing further measures to ensure this remains the case.”
Currently, the UK lacks regulations to control environmental or drinking water TFA levels. However, the Drinking Water Inspectorate has commissioned research to assess TFA levels and potential risks in drinking water.
Ann Bunting of the Drinking Water Inspectorate emphasizes the need to understand the fate of pesticides and other chemicals to protect water sources.
Water UK advocates for a ban on PFAS, including TFA, and a national plan for its removal, funded by manufacturers.
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