Diwali, the festival of lights and a cornerstone of Hindu tradition, is being observed by millions across India.
While the festival, also celebrated by Sikhs and Jains, is marked by the illumination of homes and streets with lamps and firecrackers, it coincides with heightened concerns over air pollution, particularly in northern India where winter conditions exacerbate air quality issues.
In an effort to mitigate environmental impact, the Supreme Court has authorized the sale and use of “green crackers” in Delhi, lifting a ban on conventional firecrackers that had been in effect since 2020.
These “green crackers” are purported to emit 20–30% less pollution compared to traditional alternatives, though some critics remain skeptical about their actual environmental benefits.
In recent years, several Indian states have implemented restrictions or outright bans on firecrackers to combat escalating air pollution levels, but these regulations are frequently disregarded, leading to further degradation of air quality in the days following Diwali.
However, Diwali extends far beyond pyrotechnics. Culinary traditions are integral to the celebrations.
Families dedicate time to preparing a wide array of traditional Indian sweets, which are then shared among friends and neighbors. Festive meals often feature rich curries, savory snacks, and an assortment of special breads.
In the days leading up to the festival, individuals engage in cleaning and decorating their homes, purchasing new attire, and acquiring traditional sweets to exchange as gifts with loved ones.
Many also create intricate and vibrant rangoli designs outside their homes, believed to invite good fortune and positive energy. On Diwali itself, families offer prayers to Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth.
Diwali transcends religious boundaries, attracting individuals from diverse communities and faiths who come together to partake in the festivities.
Across India’s urban and rural landscapes, markets are bustling with activity as shoppers purchase sweets, gifts, decorations, and firecrackers, contributing significantly to the national economy each year.
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